March 17, 2009
BARSTOW - The U.S. Supreme Court has made a landmark ruling that will affect the
aspirations of one of the two California tribes wanting to build off-reservation
casino in Barstow.
A Supreme Court ruled February 24th that tribes cannot have land held in trust
by the U.S. Department of the Interior if they were not recognized in 1934. The
land trust process is the fundamental step to establishing tribal sovereignty
over the land and allowing Indian gaming.
There are two California tribes seeking to build a casino in Barstow. The Los
Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno tribe have a pending application with the
U.S. Department of Interior. They were recognized in 1900. A spokesman for the
federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, Gary Garrison, confirmed the Supreme Court
ruling would have no effect on the tribe's pending land-in-trust application.
The other tribe, the Chemehuevi, have also sought to build a casino in Barstow,
but their federal recognition status is less clear. The Chemehuevi reservation
near Lake Havasu was established by executive order in 1970, however, tribal
Chairman Charles Wood said the reservation was initially recognized in 1907.
Tribal members dispersed after the construction of Parker Dam in the 1930s, when
Lake Havasu flooded out thousands of acres of tribal land. The tribe later moved
to the high desert plateau where its reservation is located today.
BIA spokesman Garrison said the interior department is currently analyzing the
court ruling to determine the status of situations like that of the Chemehuevi.
"They have to go back and take a look at the different points in time when the
documents were published," he said.
In January 2008 the Secretary of Interior rejected applications by both tribes
to build a casino in Barstow. The decisions were based on a new policy
requirement requiring off-reservation casinos be within commuting distance of
the tribe's reservation.
The Los Coyotes submitted a revised land trust application in May 2008, while
the Chemehuevi decided to wait and see who President Obama will appoint to key
positions in the interior department and whether the commuting distance rules
would change. Ken Salazar is now the Secretary of the Interior, but the head of
the Bureau of Indian Affairs has not yet been named.
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